Okutobala 18, 2022 7:49 AM
STAFFORD, VIRGINIA -
Ndani anati palibe chatsopano pansi pano?
Chimodzi mwazinthu zotentha kwambiri zopangira magetsi osawononga magetsi ndi ma photovoltaics oyandama, kapena FPV, omwe amaphatikiza ma solar panels m'matupi amadzi, makamaka nyanja, madamu ndi nyanja.Ntchito zina ku Asia zimakhala ndi mapanelo zikwizikwi kuti apange ma megawati mazanamazana.
FPV idayamba ku Asia ndi Europe komwe imapanga nzeru zambiri zachuma ndi malo otseguka omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri paulimi.
Machitidwe odzichepetsa oyambirira anaikidwa ku Japan ndi ku California winery mu 2007 ndi 2008.
Pamalo, ntchito ya megawati imodzi imafuna mahekitala apakati pa 1 ndi 1.6.
Mapulojekiti oyandama adzuwa amakhala owoneka bwino kwambiri akatha kumangidwa pamadzi pafupi ndi malo opangira magetsi opangira mphamvu yamadzi okhala ndi zingwe zotumizira zomwe zilipo kale.
Zambiri mwazinthu zazikuluzikulu zotere zili ku China ndi India.Palinso malo akuluakulu ku Brazil, Portugal ndi Singapore.
Famu yoyandama ya 2.1 gigawatt yomwe ikuyandama pamphepete mwa nyanja ya Yellow Sea ku South Korea, yomwe ingakhale ndi ma module a dzuwa mamiliyoni asanu m'dera lomwe lili ndi ma kilomita 30 okhala ndi mtengo wa $ 4 biliyoni, ikuyang'anizana ndi tsogolo losadziwika bwino. boma latsopano ku Seoul.Purezidenti Yoon Suk-yeol wasonyeza kuti amakonda kulimbikitsa mphamvu za nyukiliya kuposa mphamvu ya dzuwa.
Ntchito zina za gigawatt-scale zikuyenda kuchokera ku India ndi Laos, komanso North Sea, pafupi ndi gombe la Dutch.
Ukadaulowu wasangalatsanso okonza mapulani ku sub-Saharan Africa omwe ali ndi mphamvu yotsika kwambiri yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi komanso kuwala kwadzuwa.
M'mayiko omwe amadalira mphamvu zambiri zopangira magetsi opangidwa ndi madzi, "pali zodetsa nkhawa za momwe kupanga magetsi kumawonekera pa nthawi ya chilala, mwachitsanzo, ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, tikuyembekeza kuti tidzawona nyengo yoopsa kwambiri.Tikamaganizira za chilala, pali mwayi wokhala ndi FPV ngati njira ina yongowonjezwdwanso m'buku lanu la zida," adatero Sika Gadzanku, wofufuza ku National Renewable Energy Laboratory ku US Department of Energy ku Colorado."Chifukwa chake m'malo modalira kwambiri hydro, tsopano mutha kugwiritsa ntchito FPV yochulukirapo ndikuchepetsa kudalira hydro, nyengo yachilimwe kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito ma photovoltaics oyandama adzuwa."
Kuphimba 1 peresenti ya malo osungiramo magetsi opangira mphamvu yamadzi okhala ndi mapanelo oyandama adzuwa kungapereke chiwonjezeko cha 50 peresenti ya zopanga pachaka za zomera zopangira magetsi ku Africa, malinga ndikafukufuku wothandizidwa ndi European Commission.
FILE - Makanema a solar amayikidwa pamalo oyandama a photovoltaic panyanja ku Haltern, Germany, Epulo 1, 2022.
Zovuta
Pali zoopsa za floatovoltaic, komabe.Chomera chinayaka moto m'boma la Chiba ku Japan mchaka cha 2019. Akuluakulu adadzudzula chimphepo chamkuntho chifukwa chosuntha mapanelo pamwamba pa mnzake, kupangitsa kutentha kwambiri komanso mwina kuyatsa moto pamalo a mahekitala 18 okhala ndi ma solar oyandama opitilira 50,000 pa Damu la Yamakura.
Cholepheretsa chofunikira kwambiri pakutengera ukadaulo wambiri, pakadali pano, ndi mtengo.Kupanga malo oyandama ndikokwera mtengo kuposa kuyika pamtunda womwewo.Koma ndi kukwera mtengo kwake pali zopindulitsa zina: Chifukwa cha kuzizira kwamadzi kwamadzi, mapanelo oyandama amatha kugwira ntchito bwino kuposa ma solar wamba.Amachepetsanso kuwala ndi kuchepetsa kutentha kwa madzi, kuchepetsa kukula kwa algae woopsa.
Zonsezi zinkamveka ngati zolimbikitsa kwa akuluakulu a tauni ya Windsor kumpoto kwa dziko la California komwe kuli vinyo.Pafupifupi mapanelo oyendera dzuwa okwana 5,000, iliyonse ikupanga mawati 360 a magetsi, tsopano akuyandama pa imodzi mwa maiwe amadzi onyansa a Windsor.
“Zonse ndi zolumikizana.Gulu lirilonse limakhala ndi choyandama chake.Ndipo amayenda bwino kwambiri ndi mafunde ndi machitidwe amphepo,” .Mungadabwe momwe angakhalire ngati akungoyamwa mafunde ndikuwatulutsa osasweka kapena kusweka, "atero a Garrett Broughton, injiniya wamkulu wa dipatimenti yazantchito za anthu ku Windsor.
Mapanelo oyandama ndi osavuta pa chilengedwe komanso bajeti ya Windsor, momwe ndalama zamagetsi zopangira madzi otayira zinali zazikulu kwambiri m'boma.
Membala wa Town Council a Debora Fudge adakankhira projekiti ya 1.78-megawatt m'malo ena oyika ma solar pamagalimoto.
Amachotsa matani 350 a carbon dioxide pachaka.Ndipo amatipatsanso 90 peresenti ya mphamvu zomwe timafunikira pa ntchito zonse zotsuka madzi otayira, pazantchito zonse za kampani yathu komanso popopera madzi oyipa kupita ku ma geyser, omwe ndi gawo la geothermal, pafupifupi mailosi 40. Makilomita 64) kumpoto,” Fudge adauza VOA.
Tawuniyo imabwereketsa mapanelo oyandama kuchokera ku kampani yomwe idawayika, zomwe zimapatsa mtengo wokhazikika wamagetsi pa mgwirizano wanthawi yayitali, kutanthauza kuti Windsor ikulipira pafupifupi 30% ya zomwe idagwiritsa ntchito kale mphamvu yomweyo.
“Sizili ngati taika ndalama pachinthu chomwe sitidzabweza ndalama.Tikulandira malipiro pamene tikulankhula.Ndipo tidzabweza kwa zaka 25, "atero meya wa Windsor, Sam Salmon.
Njira zoyandama sizinapangidwe kuti zitseke madzi okwanira, kuti zinthu zina zipitirire, monga kukwera mabwato ndi usodzi.
"Sitikuganiza kuti zoyandama zidzaphimba madzi onse, nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa kwambiri," a Gadzanku wa NREL adauza VOA."Ngakhale pongoyang'ana, simukufuna kuwona mapanelo a PV ataphimba nkhokwe yonse."
NREL yazindikira matupi 24,419 opangidwa ndi anthu ku United States kuti ndi oyenera kuyika FPV.Makanema oyandama okhala ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a malo aliwonsewa atha kupanga pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya mphamvu zaku America,malinga ndi labu.
Pakati pa malowa pali Smith Lake ya mahekitala 119, malo osungiramo madzi opangidwa ndi anthu omwe amayendetsedwa ndi Stafford County ku Virginia kuti apange madzi akumwa.Ndilonso malo osodzako zosangalatsa moyandikana ndi US Marine Corps' Quantico base.
"Ambiri mwa matupi oyenerera amadziwa ali m'madera okhudzidwa ndi madzi omwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri zogula nthaka komanso mitengo yamagetsi yamagetsi, zomwe zimasonyeza ubwino wambiri wa matekinoloje a FP," analemba olemba maphunzirowo.
"Ndi njira yomwe ili ndi ukadaulo wambiri wotsimikiziridwa pambuyo pake," adatero Gadzanku.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-20-2022